Ligament injuries, particularly those affecting the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), are common occurrences, often associated with sports-related activities or traumatic events. The ACL, located in the knee joint, helps stabilize and control the forward movement of the shin bone. Injuries to the ACL are prevalent, especially in activities involving sudden stops, changes in direction, or direct impact to the knee. PCL injuries, while less common, typically result from direct blows to the front of the knee or from hyperextension. Both ACL and PCL injuries can lead to significant pain, swelling, and instability in the affected knee, impacting an individual's ability to engage in regular activities.

Diagnosis of ligament injuries involves a thorough examination, often supported by imaging studies such as MRI. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the injury and may include conservative measures such as rest, physical therapy, and bracing, or surgical intervention for more severe cases. ACL and PCL reconstruction surgeries involve replacing the damaged ligament with grafts, usually from the patient's own tissues or donor tissues, to restore stability and function to the knee joint. Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in the recovery process, aiming to strengthen the surrounding muscles and regain range of motion to ensure a successful return to regular activities and sports.