Congenital disorders, also known as congenital anomalies or birth defects, are conditions that are present at the time of birth and often result from genetic, environmental, or a combination of both factors. These disorders can affect various parts of the body, ranging from structural abnormalities to functional deficiencies. Common examples include heart defects, cleft lip and palate, neural tube defects, and genetic conditions like Down syndrome.

The causes of congenital disorders are diverse and can include genetic mutations, exposure to certain substances during pregnancy, infections, or a combination of these factors. Advances in prenatal screening and diagnostic techniques have allowed for the early detection of some congenital disorders, enabling healthcare professionals to provide parents with information and options for managing the condition before or after birth. While some congenital disorders may have significant impacts on a child's health and development, others may be less severe and manageable with appropriate medical care and interventions. Treatment approaches often involve a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, including genetic counselors, pediatricians, and specialists, to provide comprehensive care and support for individuals with congenital disorders throughout their lives.